tmatrix.cpp

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/*
 * tmatrix.cpp - simple matrix template class implementation
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008 Stefan Jahn <stefan@lkcc.org>
 *
 * This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
 * any later version.
 *
 * This software is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this package; see the file COPYING.  If not, write to
 * the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor,
 * Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
 *
 * $Id$
 *
 */

#include "qucs_typedefs.h"

#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <cmath>

#include "compat.h"
#include "logging.h"
#include "complex.h"
#include "tmatrix.h"

namespace qucs {

// Constructor creates an unnamed instance of the tmatrix class.
template <class nr_type_t>
tmatrix<nr_type_t>::tmatrix () {
  rows = 0;
  cols = 0;
  data = NULL;
}

/* Constructor creates an unnamed instance of the tmatrix class with a
   certain number of rows and columns.  Creates a square tmatrix.  */
template <class nr_type_t>
tmatrix<nr_type_t>::tmatrix (int s)  {
  rows = cols = s;
  if (s > 0) {
    data = new nr_type_t[s * s];
    memset (data, 0, sizeof (nr_type_t) * s * s);
  }
  else data = NULL;
}

/* Constructor creates an unnamed instance of the tmatrix class with a
   certain number of rows and columns.  */
template <class nr_type_t>
tmatrix<nr_type_t>::tmatrix (int r, int c)  {
  rows = r;
  cols = c;
  if (r > 0 && c > 0) {
    data = new nr_type_t[r * c];
    memset (data, 0, sizeof (nr_type_t) * r * c);
  }
  else data = NULL;
}

/* The copy constructor creates a new instance based on the given
   tmatrix object. */
template <class nr_type_t>
tmatrix<nr_type_t>::tmatrix (const tmatrix & m) {
  rows = m.rows;
  cols = m.cols;
  data = NULL;

  // copy tmatrix elements
  if (rows > 0 && cols > 0) {
    data = new nr_type_t[rows * cols];
    memcpy (data, m.data, sizeof (nr_type_t) * rows * cols);
  }
}

/* The assignment copy constructor creates a new instance based on the
   given tmatrix object. */
template <class nr_type_t>
const tmatrix<nr_type_t>&
tmatrix<nr_type_t>::operator=(const tmatrix<nr_type_t> & m) {
  if (&m != this) {
    rows = m.rows;
    cols = m.cols;
    delete[] data;
    if (rows > 0 && cols > 0) {
      data = new nr_type_t[rows * cols];
      memcpy (data, m.data, sizeof (nr_type_t) * rows * cols);
    }
  }
  return *this;
}

// Destructor deletes a tmatrix object.
template <class nr_type_t>
tmatrix<nr_type_t>::~tmatrix () {
  delete[] data;
}

// Returns the tmatrix element at the given row and column.
template <class nr_type_t>
nr_type_t tmatrix<nr_type_t>::get (int r, int c) {
  assert (r >= 0 && r < rows && c >= 0 && c < cols);
  return data[r * cols + c];
}

// Sets the tmatrix element at the given row and column.
template <class nr_type_t>
void tmatrix<nr_type_t>::set (int r, int c, nr_type_t z) {
  assert (r >= 0 && r < rows && c >= 0 && c < cols);
  data[r * cols + c] = z;
}

// Sets all the tmatrix elements to the given value.
template <class nr_type_t>
void tmatrix<nr_type_t>::set (nr_type_t z) {
  for (int i = 0; i < rows * cols; i++) data[i] = z;
}

// The function returns the given row in a tvector.
template <class nr_type_t>
tvector<nr_type_t> tmatrix<nr_type_t>::getRow (int r) {
  assert (r >= 0 && r < rows);
  tvector<nr_type_t> res (cols);
  nr_type_t * dst = res.getData ();
  nr_type_t * src = &data[r * cols];
  memcpy (dst, src, sizeof (nr_type_t) * cols);
  return res;
}

// Puts the given tvector into the given row of the tmatrix instance.
template <class nr_type_t>
void tmatrix<nr_type_t>::setRow (int r, tvector<nr_type_t> v) {
  assert (r >= 0 && r < rows && v.getSize () == cols);
  nr_type_t * dst = &data[r * cols];
  nr_type_t * src = v.getData ();
  memcpy (dst, src, sizeof (nr_type_t) * cols);
}

// The function returns the given column in a tvector.
template <class nr_type_t>
tvector<nr_type_t> tmatrix<nr_type_t>::getCol (int c) {
  assert (c >= 0 && c < cols);
  tvector<nr_type_t> res (rows);
  nr_type_t * dst = res.getData ();
  nr_type_t * src = &data[c];
  for (int r = 0; r < rows; r++, src += cols, dst++) *dst = *src;
  return res;
}

// Puts the given tvector into the given column of the tmatrix instance.
template <class nr_type_t>
void tmatrix<nr_type_t>::setCol (int c, tvector<nr_type_t> v) {
  assert (c >= 0 && c < cols && v.getSize () == rows);
  nr_type_t * dst = &data[c];
  nr_type_t * src = v.getData ();
  for (int r = 0; r < rows; r++, src++, dst += cols) *dst = *src;
}

// The function swaps the given rows with each other.
template <class nr_type_t>
void tmatrix<nr_type_t>::exchangeRows (int r1, int r2) {
  assert (r1 >= 0 && r2 >= 0 && r1 < rows && r2 < rows);
  nr_type_t * s = new nr_type_t[cols];
  int len = sizeof (nr_type_t) * cols;
  memcpy (s, &data[r1 * cols], len);
  memcpy (&data[r1 * cols], &data[r2 * cols], len);
  memcpy (&data[r2 * cols], s, len);
  delete[] s;
}

// The function swaps the given columns with each other.
template <class nr_type_t>
void tmatrix<nr_type_t>::exchangeCols (int c1, int c2) {
  assert (c1 >= 0 && c2 >= 0 && c1 < cols && c2 < cols);
  nr_type_t s;
  for (int r = 0; r < rows * cols; r += cols) {
    s = data[r + c1];
    data[r + c1] = data[r + c2];
    data[r + c2] = s;
  }
}

// Compute inverse matrix of the given matrix by Gauss-Jordan elimination.
template <class nr_type_t>
tmatrix<nr_type_t> inverse (tmatrix<nr_type_t> a) {
  nr_double_t MaxPivot;
  nr_type_t f;
  tmatrix<nr_type_t> b;
  tmatrix<nr_type_t> e;
  int i, c, r, pivot, n = a.getCols ();

  // create temporary matrix and the result matrix
  b = tmatrix<nr_type_t> (a);
  e = teye<nr_type_t> (n);

  // create the eye matrix in 'b' and the result in 'e'
  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    // find maximum column value for pivoting
    for (MaxPivot = 0, pivot = r = i; r < n; r++) {
      if (abs (b.get (r, i)) > MaxPivot) {
        MaxPivot = abs (b.get (r, i));
        pivot = r;
      }
    }
    // exchange rows if necessary
    assert (MaxPivot != 0); // singular matrix
    if (i != pivot) {
      b.exchangeRows (i, pivot);
      e.exchangeRows (i, pivot);
    }

    // compute current row
    f = b.get (i, i);
    for (c = 0; c < n; c++) {
      b.set (i, c, b.get (i, c) / f);
      e.set (i, c, e.get (i, c) / f);
    }

    // compute new rows and columns
    for (r = 0; r < n; r++) {
      if (r != i) {
        f = b.get (r, i);
        for (c = 0; c < n; c++) {
          b.set (r, c, b.get (r, c) - f * b.get (i, c));
          e.set (r, c, e.get (r, c) - f * e.get (i, c));
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return e;
}

// Create identity matrix with specified number of rows and columns.
template <class nr_type_t>
tmatrix<nr_type_t> teye (int n) {
  tmatrix<nr_type_t> res (n);
  for (int r = 0; r < n; r++) res.set (r, r, 1);
  return res;
}

// Intrinsic matrix addition.
template <class nr_type_t>
tmatrix<nr_type_t> tmatrix<nr_type_t>::operator += (tmatrix<nr_type_t> a) {
  assert (a.getRows () == rows && a.getCols () == cols);
  nr_type_t * src = a.getData ();
  nr_type_t * dst = data;
  for (int i = 0; i < rows * cols; i++) *dst++ += *src++;
  return *this;
}

// Intrinsic matrix substraction.
template <class nr_type_t>
tmatrix<nr_type_t> tmatrix<nr_type_t>::operator -= (tmatrix<nr_type_t> a) {
  assert (a.getRows () == rows && a.getCols () == cols);
  nr_type_t * src = a.getData ();
  nr_type_t * dst = data;
  for (int i = 0; i < rows * cols; i++) *dst++ -= *src++;
  return *this;
}

// Matrix multiplication.
template <class nr_type_t>
tmatrix<nr_type_t> operator * (tmatrix<nr_type_t> a, tmatrix<nr_type_t> b) {
  assert (a.getCols () == b.getRows ());
  int r, c, i, n = a.getCols ();
  nr_type_t z;
  tmatrix<nr_type_t> res (a.getRows (), b.getCols ());
  for (r = 0; r < a.getRows (); r++) {
    for (c = 0; c < b.getCols (); c++) {
      for (i = 0, z = 0; i < n; i++) z += a.get (r, i) * b.get (i, c);
      res.set (r, c, z);
    }
  }
  return res;
}

// Multiplication of matrix and vector.
template <class nr_type_t>
tvector<nr_type_t> operator * (tmatrix<nr_type_t> a, tvector<nr_type_t> b) {
  assert (a.getCols () == b.size ());
  int r, c, n = a.getCols ();
  nr_type_t z;
  tvector<nr_type_t> res (n);

  for (r = 0; r < n; r++) {
    for (c = 0, z = 0; c < n; c++) z += a.get (r, c) * b.get (c);
    res.set (r, z);
  }
  return res;
}

// Multiplication of vector (transposed) and matrix.
template <class nr_type_t>
tvector<nr_type_t> operator * (tvector<nr_type_t> a, tmatrix<nr_type_t> b) {
  assert (a.size () == b.getRows ());
  int r, c, n = b.getRows ();
  nr_type_t z;
  tvector<nr_type_t> res (n);

  for (c = 0; c < n; c++) {
    for (r = 0, z = 0; r < n; r++) z += a.get (r) * b.get (r, c);
    res.set (c, z);
  }
  return res;
}

// Transpose the matrix in place.
template <class nr_type_t>
void tmatrix<nr_type_t>::transpose (void) {
  nr_type_t v;
  for (int r = 0; r < getRows (); r++)
    for (int c = 0; c < r; c++) {
      v = get (r, c);
      set (r, c, get (c, r));
      set (c, r, v);
    }
}

// Checks validity of matrix.
template <class nr_type_t>
int tmatrix<nr_type_t>::isFinite (void) {
  for (int i = 0; i < rows * cols; i++)
    if (!std::isfinite (real (data[i]))) return 0;
  return 1;
}

#ifdef DEBUG
// Debug function: Prints the matrix object.
template <class nr_type_t>
void tmatrix<nr_type_t>::print (bool realonly) {
  for (int r = 0; r < rows; r++) {
    for (int c = 0; c < cols; c++) {
      if (realonly) {
        fprintf (stderr, "%+.2e%s", (double) real (get (r, c)),
                 c != cols - 1 ? " " : "");
      } else {
        fprintf (stderr, "%+.2e%+.2ei%s", (double) real (get (r, c)),
                 (double) imag (get (r, c)), c != cols - 1 ? " " : "");
      }
    }
    fprintf (stderr, ";\n");
  }
}
#endif /* DEBUG */

} // namespace qucs